![]() For the moment Scotland was almost free of occupation. With only a small following, Surrey escaped to Berwick and York. Surrey, with the rest of his army, retreated hastily, having first destroyed the bridge, but the Scots crossed by a ford and pursued them. They then attacked with such sudden fury that almost all who had crossed were killed or driven into the river and drowned. Wallace and Moray, in a position northwest of the Abbey Craig, held back their troops until about half the English had crossed. Surrey failed to bring Wallace to terms outside Stirling, and, on the morning of September 11, 1297, the English began to file across the narrow bridge over the Forth. ![]() Wallace laid siege to Dundee but abandoned it to oppose, with Andrew de Moray, an English army that was advancing toward Stirling under John de Warenne, earl of Surrey. Wallace, however, remained in action “with a large company in the Forest of Selkirk,” according to a contemporary report made to Edward. The Scottish steward, Robert the Bruce (later King Robert I), and others now gathered an army, but it was forced to surrender at Irvine by Sir Henry de Percy and Sir Robert de Clifford (July 1297). Joined by Sir William Douglas (“the Hardy”), Wallace next marched on Scone, drove out the English justiciar, and attacked the English garrisons between the Rivers Forth and Tay. Sporadic resistance had already occurred when, in May 1297, Wallace and a band of some 30 men burned Lanark and killed its English sheriff. In 1296 King Edward I of England deposed and imprisoned the Scottish king John de Balliol and declared himself ruler of Scotland. The elder Wallace was a minor landowner and a vassal of James, 5th steward of Scotland. Wallace was the second son of Sir Malcolm Wallace of Elderslie in Renfrewshire. Early life, initial campaigns against the English, and the Battle of Stirling Bridge He served as guardian of the kingdom of Scotland during the first years of the long and ultimately successful struggle to free his country from English rule. 1270, probably near Paisley, Renfrew, Scotland-died August 23, 1305, London, England), one of Scotland’s greatest national heroes and the chief inspiration for Scottish resistance to the English king Edward I. William Wallace, in full Sir William Wallace, (born c. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.
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